Permeapad™ for investigation of passive drug permeability: The effect of surfactants, co-solvents and simulated intestinal fluids (FaSSIF and FeSSIF)

Abstract

The aim of the present work was to investigate the potential of the new and innovative artificial barrier, Permeapad™, when exposed to surfactants and co-solvents, often employed for poorly water soluble compounds. The barrier was in addition also exposed to fasted and fed state simulated intestinal fluids versions 1 and 2 (FaSSIF and FeSSIF), all of which the Permeapad™ barrier was compatible with based upon relative comparison of the permeability of the hydrophilic marker calcein in phosphate buffer. The new barrier therefore holds a huge potential due to its functional stability and robustness. It can be used as a standard tool to investigate permeability of drugs in the presence of different surfactants and co-solvents, from DMSO stock solutions at even high concentrations and for the evaluation of permeability in the presence of biomimetic media (BMM).

Keywords: Apparent permeability; Caffeine (PubChem CID: 2519); Calcein (PubChem CID: 65079); Co-solvents; Dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) (PubChem CID: 679); FaSSIF; FeSSIF; MacrogolG R (PubChem CID: 81307); Permeapad™; Polysorbate 80 (PubChem CID: 5284448); Sodiumdocecylsulphate (SDS) (PubChem CID: 8778); Surfactants; Triton-X (PubChem CID: 5590).