Comparison of apically extruded debris after large apical preparations by full-sequence rotary and single-file reciprocating systems

Abstract

Aim: To evaluate the amount of apically extruded debris produced by ProTaper Universal (PTU), ProTaper Next (PTN), WaveOne (WO) and Reciproc (R) systems after large apical preparations.

Methodology: Sixty mandibular premolars with a single canal were selected and randomly assigned into 4 groups (n = 15) according to the system used for root canal preparation: PTU, PTN, WO and R groups. Canal preparations were performed up to size 40 in each group. Distilled water was used as an irrigant, and the apically extruded debris from each tooth was collected in pre-weighted glass vials and dried. The average weight of debris was assessed using a microbalance, and the data were analysed statistically using one-way analysis of variance and the post hoc Tukey multiple comparison test (α = 0.05).

Results: The PTU system was associated with significantly more debris than the other systems (P < 0.05). No significant differences were found between PTN, WO and R systems (P > 0.05).

Conclusions: All systems were associated with apical debris extrusion when canals were prepared to a large apical size. The PTU system was associated with more debris extrusion.

Keywords: debris extrusion; instrumentation; nickel-titanium; reciprocating motion; rotary files.