Structural basis of blocking integrin activation and deactivation for anti-inflammation

J Biomed Sci. 2015 Jul 8;22(1):51. doi: 10.1186/s12929-015-0159-6.

Abstract

Integrins mediate leukocyte accumulation to the sites of inflammation, thereby enhancing their potential as an important therapeutic target for inflammatory disorders. Integrin activation triggered by inflammatory mediators or signaling pathway is a key step to initiate leukocyte migration to inflamed tissues; however, an appropriately regulated integrin deactivation is indispensable for maintaining productive leukocyte migration. While typical integrin antagonists that block integrin activation target the initiation of leukocyte migration, a novel class of experimental compounds has been designed to block integrin deactivation, thereby perturbing the progression of cell migration. Current review discusses the mechanisms by which integrin is activated and subsequently deactivated by focusing on its structure-function relationship.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Cell Movement / genetics
  • Humans
  • Inflammation / genetics
  • Inflammation / metabolism*
  • Inflammation / pathology
  • Integrin alpha Chains / chemistry
  • Integrin alpha Chains / genetics
  • Integrin alpha Chains / metabolism*
  • Integrin beta1 / chemistry
  • Integrin beta1 / genetics
  • Integrin beta1 / metabolism*
  • Leukocytes / metabolism*
  • Protein Conformation
  • Signal Transduction / genetics
  • Structure-Activity Relationship*

Substances

  • Integrin alpha Chains
  • Integrin beta1