Drug resistance primarily appears where there is altered drug metabolism or target modification. It is a major challenge in cancer therapy which affects treatment process, and limits chemotherapeutics. Recently, nanotechnological approaches were shown to be capable of lowering drug side effects and protecting from enzymatic degradation. Therefore, patient's compliance and survival rate have dramatically increased. This review elaborates on the structures and functions of the factors involved in cancer drug resistance together with nanobiotechnological approaches for overcoming the obstacles in breast cancer research and therapy. The present paper provides information and suggestions to both basic and clinical researchers to develop new nanobiotechnological methods to improve breast cancer modalities especially in drug resistance.