To evaluate the outcome of RIRS in managing symptomatic calyceal diverticular as a minimally invasive option, we retrospectively reviewed the records of 43 patients who underwent RIRS from 2005 to 2014 for symptomatic calyceal diverticular stones. A month after the initial operation, the success rate was (81.4%, 35 patients) of which 21 (48.83%) patients were stone free and 14 (32.6%) patients had clinically insignificant residual fragments (CIRFs), and 90% patients were symptom free. Eight patients (16.6%) had significant residual fragments (>3 mm), five of them became completely stone free after the second procedure, other three patients were symptom free and underwent a routine follow-up. The final treatment success rate was 93.0%. The initial success rate in the lower calyx was significantly lower than the other calices (P = 0.040). In addition, the association between the stone size and the initial treatment success was significant (P = 0.036). There was no association between any of our other variables and the success rate. The mean first operative time was 60.95 ± 12.43 min (range 34-92). No major complication (Clavien III-V) occurred, although there were five minor complications (11.6%) (Clavien I-II). There were no admissions to intensive care or deaths in our series, the mean hospitalization time was 1.77 ± 0.80 days. The management of calyceal diverticular calculus with RIRS is highly effective and can be accomplished with low morbidity.
Keywords: Calyceal diverticular stones; Retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS); Stone-free rate.