The aim of this study was to identify the factors that influence atrial septal occluder dislodgement in adults and children.From June 2003 to June 2013, a total of 213 patients (115 adults and 98 children) diagnosed with secundum atrial septal defects (ASD) underwent transcatheter closure of their defects with an atrial septal occluder (ASO) in our hospital. The ASO was implanted under transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) guidance. Ten patients suffered from ASO dislodgement, and the other 203 patients comprised the successful group. We compared the preprocedural data related to general demographics, defects, margins, and minor post-implantation complications between the two groups with the goal of identifying the factors that affected ASO dislodgement.Univariate logistic regression analyses identified a high Qp/Qs value, the Qp/Qs ratio > 3.13, ASO size, ASO size greater than 32 mm, ASO size/BSA ratio > 15.13 and IAS erosion, floppiness or aneurysm formation as factors with significant predictive value. Multivariate analysis revealed that a Qp/Qs ratio > 3.13, and interatrial septum (IAS) erosion, floppiness and aneurysm formation post-implantation were independent predictors of ASO dislodgement (P = 0.001 and P = 0.006, respectively) in both adults and children.Percutaneous device closure of ASDs is safe and effective in the current era. The Qp/Qs ratio > 3.13 and IAS erosion, floppiness or aneurysm formation post-implantation might be predictors of ASO dislodgement in adults and children.