The purpose of research--the study of the diagnostic value of indicators of metabolic and phagocytic activity of effector cells (eosinophils, neutrophils) in atopic asthma (ABA) in children. To achieve this goal were formed two clinical groups. Group I included 25 children with ABA, in II clinical group consisted of 26 patients with a diagnosis of asthma without evidence of atopy. In group I there is a tendency to reduce the metabolic activity of blood eosinophil according to NBT-test, the intracellular content of cationic proteins, peroxidase, and their phagocytic activity. Stimulation level NBT test blood eosinophil less than 0,2 c. u. in conjunction with other tests can be used to verify the ABA, as declines in phagocytic activity (less than 60%) and phagocytic number (less than 2 c. u.) of eosinophilic granulocytes blood associated with a significantly higher risk of having atopic asthma.