Objectives: Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1) has been reported to be overexpressed in colorectal cancer (CRC) and suggested to be a therapeutic target. In this study, we investigated FGFR1 expression and amplification in CRC and its correlation with clinicopathologic parameters.
Methods: FGFR1 dual-color fluorescence in situ hybridization and mRNA in situ hybridization were performed on tissue array blocks composed of 291 consecutive primary CRCs.
Results: Of the 291 CRC cases, FGFR1 gene amplification was found in 11 (3.8%) cases, high FGFR1 polysomy in 4 (1.4%) cases, and FGFR1 gene copy number (GCN) gain (GCN >2) in 77 (26.5%) cases. FGFR1 GCN gain was significantly associated with left-sided location, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, and higher TNM stage (p < 0.05). FGFR1 GCN gain also correlated with poor patient survival (p = 0.015). FGFR1 mRNA overexpression (score 3-4) was present in 11.7% (34/291) of the patients and was significantly associated with FGFR1 GCN alteration (Pearson correlation coefficient, r = 0.463; p < 0.001).
Conclusion: FGFR1 GCN gain was more frequently found (26.5%) than gene amplification (3.8%) and correlated with aggressive clinical behavior in consecutive CRC patients. FGFR1 GCN alteration was associated with a high FGFR1 mRNA level.