Epidemiologic Trends in Hospitalized Ischemic Stroke from 2002 to 2010: Results from a Large Italian Population-Based Study

Abstract

Background: To describe the incidence of ischemic stroke, short-term mortality, recurrences, and prescription patterns.

Methods: Data from administrative health databases of the Lombardy Region from 2002 to 2010 (about 4 million people) were analyzed for stroke incidence and recurrence, mortality, and drug prescriptions after an ischemic stroke.

Results: A total of 43,352 patients with a first hospital admission for ischemic stroke were identified. During 8 years, stroke incidence decreased from 3.2 of 1000 to 2.4 of 1000 (P < .001) in people aged 65-74 years, from 7.1 of 1000 to 5.3 of 1000 (P < .001) at ages 75-84 years and from 11.9 of 1000 to 9.4 of 1000 (P < .001) at age 85 years or older. Stroke recurrences dropped by 30% (from 10.0% to 7.0%, P < .001) and 30-day mortality rate also decreased. Prescription trends showed linear increase in antiplatelets and lipid-lowering drugs, respectively, from 60.2% to 65.0% (P < .001) and from 19.1% to 34.6% (P < .001), whereas antihypertensive prescriptions did not change appreciably. Anticoagulant prescription increased in patients with atrial fibrillation, from 64.8% to 72.1% in the 65-74 years age group, (P = .004) and from 40.2% to 53.7% in the 75-84 years age group (P < .001); less than 20% of the 85 years or older age group were treated with anticoagulants (P < .0001).

Conclusions: Stroke incidence, recurrence, and 30-day mortality decreased from 2002 to 2010 concomitant with an increase in prescriptions of secondary stroke prevention drugs.

Keywords: Stroke incidence; administrative database; mortality; recurrences; secondary stroke prevention.