Relationship between increased left atrial volume and microvascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes

J Diabetes Complications. 2015 Aug;29(6):822-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2015.05.006. Epub 2015 May 16.

Abstract

Aims: We assessed whether left atrial volume index (LAVI) was associated with the presence of microvascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes, and whether this association was independent of hemodynamic and non-hemodynamic factors.

Methods: We studied 157 consecutive outpatients with type 2 diabetes with no previous history of ischemic heart disease, chronic heart failure and valvular diseases. A transthoracic echocardiography and myocardial perfusion scintigraphy were performed in all participants. Presence of microvascular complications was also recorded.

Results: Overall, 51 patients had decreased estimated glomerular filtration rate and/or abnormal albuminuria, 24 had diabetic retinopathy, 22 had lower-extremity sensory neuropathy, and 67 (42.7%) patients had one or more of these microvascular complications (i.e., combined endpoint). After stratifying patients by LAVI, those with LAVI ≥32 ml/m(2) had a greater prevalence of microvascular complication, lower left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction, higher LV mass index and higher E/e' ratio than those with LAVI <32 ml/m(2). Logistic regression analyses revealed that microvascular complications (singly or in combination) were associated with increased LAVI, independently of age, sex, diabetes duration, hemoglobin A1c, hypertension, LV-ejection fraction, LV mass index and the E/e' ratio.

Conclusions: These results indicate that microvascular diabetic complications are associated with increased LAVI in well-controlled type 2 diabetic patients with preserved systolic function and free from ischemic heart disease, independently of multiple potential confounders.

Keywords: Left atrial volume; Microvascular complications; Nephropathy; Neuropathy; Retinopathy; Type 2 diabetes.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Cardiac Volume / physiology
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / complications*
  • Diabetic Angiopathies / diagnosis*
  • Diabetic Angiopathies / physiopathology
  • Diabetic Nephropathies / diagnosis
  • Diabetic Nephropathies / etiology
  • Diabetic Neuropathies / diagnosis
  • Diabetic Neuropathies / etiology
  • Diabetic Retinopathy / diagnosis
  • Diabetic Retinopathy / etiology
  • Echocardiography
  • Female
  • Heart Atria / diagnostic imaging*
  • Heart Atria / physiopathology
  • Hemodynamics
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Microvessels / physiopathology*
  • Middle Aged
  • Myocardial Perfusion Imaging