Two-step one-pot synthesis of dihydropyrazinones as Xaa-Ser dipeptide isosteres through morpholine acetal rearrangement

Org Biomol Chem. 2015 Jul 7;13(25):7013-9. doi: 10.1039/c5ob00783f. Epub 2015 Jun 1.

Abstract

The synthesis of the uncommon dihydropyrazinone ring was accomplished by a two-step one pot process taking advantage of the ring rearrangement of N-acylated morpholine acetal derived from serine under acidic treatment in the presence of 2,6-lutidine. The mechanism involves an N-acyl iminium intermediate resulting from morpholine acetal ring opening, which occurs after a nucleophilic attack of the amino acid nitrogen atom to the acetal carbonyl atom. X-Ray diffraction analysis of the dihydropyrazinone, which may be exploited as a constrained Xaa-Ser dipeptide isostere, showed a planar assembly and the internal side-chain in axial orientation with respect to the cyclic molecular scaffold.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Acetals / chemical synthesis
  • Acetals / chemistry*
  • Acylation
  • Crystallography, X-Ray
  • Dipeptides / chemical synthesis
  • Dipeptides / chemistry*
  • Models, Molecular
  • Morpholines / chemical synthesis
  • Morpholines / chemistry*
  • Pyrazines / chemical synthesis
  • Pyrazines / chemistry*
  • Pyridines / chemical synthesis
  • Pyridines / chemistry
  • Serine / chemical synthesis
  • Serine / chemistry

Substances

  • Acetals
  • Dipeptides
  • Morpholines
  • Pyrazines
  • Pyridines
  • 2,6-lutidine
  • Serine
  • morpholine