HIV infection presenting proliferation of CD8+ T lymphocyte and hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis

Int J STD AIDS. 2016 Apr;27(5):411-3. doi: 10.1177/0956462415585254. Epub 2015 May 4.

Abstract

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis is a rare hyperinflammatory disorder characterised by CD8+ T lymphocyte activation and hypercytokinemia. Autoimmune disorders including hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis have been described in HIV patients; however, it is a rare initial presentation of HIV infection. We present an unusual case of HIV infection presenting with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis.

Keywords: AIDS; HIV; HLH; acute retroviral syndrome; hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active*
  • Biopsy, Needle
  • Bone Marrow / pathology*
  • CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / virology*
  • Glomerulonephritis / complications
  • HIV Infections / diagnosis
  • HIV Infections / drug therapy*
  • Humans
  • Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic / diagnosis*
  • Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic / drug therapy
  • Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic / immunology
  • Male
  • Pancytopenia / diagnosis
  • Young Adult