Energy levels of the first monolayer are manipulated at donor/acceptor interfaces in planar heterojunction organic photovoltaics by using molecular self-organization. A "cascade" energy landscape allows thermal-activation-free charge generation by photoirradiation, destabilizes the energy of the interfacial charge-transfer state, and suppresses bimolecular charge recombination, resulting in a higher open-circuit voltage and fill factor.
Keywords: cascade energy landscape; charge recombination; charge separation; donor/acceptor interfaces; organic photovoltaics.
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