The article deals with results of studying of anesthesia effects on the frequency of postoperative nausea and vomiting during surgical interventions in the nasal cavity and nasopharynx in children. We investigated the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting in 100 patients aged 2 to 17 years (ASA I-II), who underwent surgery in the nasal cavity and nasopharynx. The results showed that the anesthesia by sevoflurane with nitrous oxide, local anesthetic lidocaine 4 mg/kg, not more than 200 mg by nebulizer was accompanied by the development of postoperative nausea and vomiting in 4% of cases. In another hand, anesthesia by sevoflurane, nitrous oxide and fentanyl 2-3 mg/kg was accompanied with nausea and vomiting in 18% cases. Analysis of the results showed that the frequency of postoperative nausea and vomiting after anaesthesia without fentanyl by 14% lower than with fentanyl. The nausea and vomiting started within the first hour after surgery in majority number of cases (50-77.7%).