Characteristics of pollutant gas releases from swine, dairy, beef, and layer manure, and municipal wastewater

Xiao-Rong Dai; Chayan Kumer Saha; Ji-Qin Ni; Albert J Heber; Victoria Blanes-Vidal; James L Dunn

doi:10.1016/j.watres.2015.02.050

Characteristics of pollutant gas releases from swine, dairy, beef, and layer manure, and municipal wastewater

Water Res. 2015 Jun 1:76:110-9. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2015.02.050. Epub 2015 Mar 3.

Authors

Xiao-Rong Dai¹, Chayan Kumer Saha², Ji-Qin Ni³, Albert J Heber⁴, Victoria Blanes-Vidal⁵, James L Dunn⁶

Affiliations

¹ Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, 225 S University St., West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Department of Chemical Engineering, Biotechnology and Environmental Technology, Faculty of Engineering, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense, Denmark.
² Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, 225 S University St., West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Department of Farm Power and Machinery, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering & Technology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh.
³ Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, 225 S University St., West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA. Electronic address: jiqin@purdue.edu.
⁴ Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, 225 S University St., West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
⁵ Department of Chemical Engineering, Biotechnology and Environmental Technology, Faculty of Engineering, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense, Denmark.
⁶ ADM Alliance Nutrition, 7453 N Piqua Rd, Decatur, IN 46733, USA.

PMID: 25794466
DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2015.02.050

Abstract

Knowledge about characteristics of gas releases from various types of organic wastes can assist in developing gas pollution reduction technologies and establishing environmental regulations. Five different organic wastes, i.e., four types of animal manure (swine, beef, dairy, and layer hen) and municipal wastewater, were studied for their characteristics of ammonia (NH3), carbon dioxide (CO2), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), and sulfur dioxide (SO2) releases for 38 or 43 days in reactors under laboratory conditions. Weekly waste additions and continuous reactor headspace ventilation were supplied to simulate waste storage conditions. Results demonstrated that among the five waste types, layer hen manure and municipal wastewater had the highest and lowest NH3 release potentials, respectively. Layer manure had the highest and dairy manure had the lowest CO2 release potentials. Dairy manure and layer manure had the highest and lowest H2S release potentials, respectively. Beef manure and layer manure had the highest and lowest SO2 releases, respectively. The physicochemical characteristics of the different types of wastes, especially the total nitrogen, total ammoniacal nitrogen, dry matter, and pH, had strong influence on the releases of the four gases. Even for the same type of waste, the variation in physicochemical characteristics affected the gas releases remarkably.

Keywords: Agriculture wastewater; Air pollution; Animal agriculture; Wastewater storage; Water pollution.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Air Pollutants / analysis*
Ammonia / analysis*
Animals
Carbon Dioxide / analysis*
Cattle
Chickens
Hydrogen Sulfide / analysis*
Manure*
Nitrogen / analysis
Sulfur Dioxide / analysis*
Swine
Wastewater / analysis*

Substances

Air Pollutants
Manure
Waste Water
Sulfur Dioxide
Carbon Dioxide
Ammonia
Nitrogen
Hydrogen Sulfide