MicroRNAs participate in the regulation of asthma, the goal of this study is to summarize recent researches on the roles of microRNAs in the pathogenesis of asthma. A review of the English medical literatures was conducted by searching PubMed for studies concerning asthma and microRNAs. The results of the present study indicate that microRNAs play important roles in regulating asthma immune responses. MicroRNAs not only participate in determining DCs phenotype and then naive T lymphocyte differentiation, but also participate in the regulation of airway inflammation and airway remodeling in asthma. Furthermore, microRNAs are also shown to be targets for asthma therapy in the future.