HIV-1 Superinfection Resembles Primary Infection

Daniel J Sheward; Roman Ntale; Nigel J Garrett; Zenda L Woodman; Salim S Abdool Karim; Carolyn Williamson

doi:10.1093/infdis/jiv136

HIV-1 Superinfection Resembles Primary Infection

J Infect Dis. 2015 Sep 15;212(6):904-8. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiv136. Epub 2015 Mar 9.

Authors

Daniel J Sheward¹, Roman Ntale², Nigel J Garrett³, Zenda L Woodman⁴, Salim S Abdool Karim⁵, Carolyn Williamson⁶

Affiliations

¹ Division of Medical Virology, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
² Division of Medical Virology, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, South Africa Department of Biomedical Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Kigali, Rwanda.
³ Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA) Department of Infectious Diseases, Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban.
⁴ Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Cape Town.
⁵ Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA) Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York.
⁶ Division of Medical Virology, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, South Africa Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA) National Health Laboratory Services, Johannesburg, South Africa.

Abstract

The relevance of superinfection as a model to identify correlates of protection against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) depends on whether the superinfecting transmission resembles primary infection, which has not been established. Here, we characterize the genetic bottleneck in superinfected individuals for the first time. In all 3 cases, superinfection produced a spike in viral load and could be traced to a single, C-C chemokine receptor 5-tropic founder virus with shorter, less glycosylated variable regions than matched chronic viruses. These features are consistent with primary HIV transmission and provide support for the use of superinfection as a model to address correlates of protection against HIV.

Keywords: HIV; T/F; correlates of protection; founder; superinfection; transmitted.

Publication types

Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Cohort Studies
Consensus Sequence
DNA, Complementary / chemistry
Gene Products, env / chemistry
Genetic Variation
HIV Infections / immunology
HIV Infections / virology*
HIV-1 / classification
HIV-1 / genetics*
HIV-1 / physiology
Humans
Longitudinal Studies
Phylogeny
RNA, Viral / genetics
Receptors, Chemokine
Retrospective Studies
Superinfection / immunology
Superinfection / virology*
Viral Load
Virus Attachment

Substances

DNA, Complementary
Gene Products, env
RNA, Viral
Receptors, Chemokine

Abstract

Publication types

MeSH terms

Substances

Grants and funding