Abstract
Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) has been revealed the difference in the pathology of multiple sclerosis since the anti-aquaporin 4 (AQP4) antibody associated with NMO has been found. The clinical epidemiological study has been reviewed, NMO-related patient number in Japan is estimated to be about 4400 people. The antibody-positive patients against myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) are present in anti-AQP4 antibody-negative NMO patients. These patients have a characteristic with high frequency of optic neuritis and good response to therapy. In addition, by research in recent years, a new treatment such as anti-IL-6 therapy or anti-complement therapy has been attempted to NMO.
MeSH terms
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Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized / therapeutic use
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Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived / therapeutic use
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Aquaporin 4 / immunology
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Autoantibodies
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Clinical Trials as Topic
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Drug Therapy, Combination
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Female
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Humans
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Immunosuppressive Agents / administration & dosage
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Japan / epidemiology
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Male
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Methylprednisolone / administration & dosage
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Molecular Targeted Therapy
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Neuromyelitis Optica* / diagnosis
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Neuromyelitis Optica* / drug therapy
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Neuromyelitis Optica* / epidemiology
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Neuromyelitis Optica* / immunology
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Prednisolone / administration & dosage
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Pulse Therapy, Drug
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Recurrence
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Rituximab
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Sex Factors
Substances
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AQP4 protein, human
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Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
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Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived
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Aquaporin 4
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Autoantibodies
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Immunosuppressive Agents
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Rituximab
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Prednisolone
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eculizumab
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tocilizumab
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Methylprednisolone