Antioxidant capacity of leaf extracts from two Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni varieties adapted to cultivation in Mexico

Nutr Hosp. 2014 Sep 12;31(3):1163-70. doi: 10.3305/nh.2015.31.3.8043.

Abstract

The recent introduction of the cultivation of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni in Mexico has gained interest for its potential use as a non-caloric sweetener, but some other properties of this plant require studies. Extracts from two varieties of S. rebaudiana Bertoni adapted to cultivation in Mexico were screened for their content of some phytochemicals and antioxidant properties. Total pigments, total phenolic and flavonoids contents of the extracts ranged between 17.7-24.3 mg/g, 28.7-28.4 mg/g, and 39.3-36.7 mg/g, respectively. The variety "Criolla" exhibited higher contents of pigments and flavonoids. Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity ranged between 618.5-623.7 mM/mg and DPPH decolorization assay ranged between 86.4-84.3%, no significant differences were observed between varieties. Inhibition of β-carotene bleaching ranged between 62.3-77.9%, with higher activity in the variety "Criolla". Reducing power ranged between 85.2-86% and the chelating activity ranged between 57.3-59.4% for Cu²⁺ and between 52.2-54.4% for Fe²⁺, no significant differences were observed between varieties. In conclusion, the results of this study showed that polar compounds obtained during the extraction like chlorophylls, carotenoids, phenolic compounds and flavonoids contribute to the antioxidative activity measured. The leaves of S. rebaudiana Bertoni could be used not only as a source of non-caloric sweeteners but also naturally occurring antioxidants.

La reciente introducción del cultivo de Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni en México ha ganado interés debido a su potencial uso como fuente de edulcorantes no calóricos, pero otras propiedades de esta planta aun requieren de estudios. Extractos de hojas de dos variedades de S. rebaudiana Bertoni adaptadas al cultivo en México fueron evaluados en cuanto a su contenido de algunos fitoquímicos y sus propiedades antioxidantes. El contenido de pigmentos, fenoles totales y flavonoides en los extractos, osciló entre 17.7-24.3 mg/g, 28.7-28.4 mg/g, y 39.3-36.7 mg/g, respectivamente. La variedad “Criolla” exhibió los mayores contenidos de pigmentos y flavonoides. La capacidad antioxidante equivalente de Trolox osciló entre 618.5-623.7 mM/mg y el ensayo de decoloración del radical DPPH osciló entre 86.4-84.3%, no observándose diferencias significativas entre ambas variedades. La inhibición de la decoloración del -caroteno osciló entre 62.3-77.9%, siendo mayor en la variedad “Criolla”. El poder reductor osciló entre 85.2-86%, las capacidades quelantes de cobre y hierro oscilaron entre 57.3-59.4% y 52.2-54.4%, respectivamente, no observándose diferencias significativas entre ambas variedades. En conclusión, los resultados de este estudio demuestran que los compuestos de naturaleza polar obtenidos durante la extracción, tales como pigmentos clorofílicos, carotenoides, compuestos fenólicos y flavonoides contribuyen a la actividad antioxidante. Las hojas de S. rebaudiana Bertoni podrían ser empleadas no solo como fuente de edulcorantes no calóricos, sino también como fuente de antioxidantes de origen natural.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Antioxidants / isolation & purification*
  • Antioxidants / pharmacology
  • Benzothiazoles
  • Biphenyl Compounds
  • Bleaching Agents / isolation & purification
  • Bleaching Agents / pharmacology
  • Chelating Agents / isolation & purification
  • Chelating Agents / pharmacology
  • Chlorophyll / analysis
  • Copper
  • Drug Evaluation, Preclinical
  • Flavonoids / analysis
  • Free Radical Scavengers / isolation & purification
  • Free Radical Scavengers / pharmacology
  • Humans
  • Iron
  • Mexico
  • Oxidation-Reduction
  • Phenols / analysis
  • Picrates
  • Pigments, Biological / analysis
  • Plant Extracts / isolation & purification
  • Plant Extracts / pharmacology*
  • Plant Leaves / chemistry*
  • Stevia / chemistry*
  • Stevia / classification
  • Sulfonic Acids
  • beta Carotene

Substances

  • Antioxidants
  • Benzothiazoles
  • Biphenyl Compounds
  • Bleaching Agents
  • Chelating Agents
  • Flavonoids
  • Free Radical Scavengers
  • Phenols
  • Picrates
  • Pigments, Biological
  • Plant Extracts
  • Sulfonic Acids
  • beta Carotene
  • Chlorophyll
  • 2,2'-azino-di-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid
  • Copper
  • 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl
  • Iron