We evaluated parameters of apoptosis in the mucosa of the gastric antrum and body of indigenous and non-indigenous residents of Khakassia with duodenal ulcer disease associated with Helicobacter pylori infection. In the gastric antrum, apoptotic index was significantly increased in patients with ulcer disease in comparison with healthy individuals in both populations. The ratio of proliferation index to apoptotic index was lower in patients with ulcer disease in comparison with healthy individuals in both populations. Similar, but less pronounced processes were recorded in the body of the stomach. Significant changes in the parameters of proliferation and apoptosis were noted in the gastric antrum and body of the stomach in both populations, but they were more pronounced in Caucasians in comparison with Khakasses.