Abstract
Pancreatic tumors are chemoresistant and malignant, and there are very few therapeutic options for pancreatic cancer, as the disease is normally diagnosed at an advanced stage. Although attempts have been made to develop vaccine therapies for pancreatic cancer for a couple of decades, none of the resultant protocols or regimens have succeeded in improving the clinical outcomes of patients. We herein review vaccines tested within the past few years, including peptide, biological and multiple vaccines, and describe the three sets of criteria used to evaluate the therapeutic activity of vaccines in solid tumors.
Keywords:
Immunomodulation; Pancreatic cancer; Vaccine.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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Review
MeSH terms
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Bacterial Vaccines
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Cancer Vaccines / therapeutic use*
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Carcinoembryonic Antigen
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Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal / therapy*
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Clinical Trials as Topic
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Fowlpox virus
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Gastrins
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Genes, ras / genetics
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Heat-Shock Proteins
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Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins
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Kinesins
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Listeria monocytogenes
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Mucin-1
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Mutation
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Pancreatic Neoplasms / therapy*
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Peptides
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Survivin
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Telomerase
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Vaccines, Attenuated
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Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2
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Viral Vaccines
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WT1 Proteins
Substances
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BIRC5 protein, human
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Bacterial Vaccines
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Cancer Vaccines
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Carcinoembryonic Antigen
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GVAX vaccine
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Gastrins
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Heat-Shock Proteins
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Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins
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KIF20A protein, human
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MUC1 protein, human
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Mucin-1
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Peptides
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Survivin
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Vaccines, Attenuated
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Viral Vaccines
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WT1 Proteins
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WT1 protein, human
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gastrin immunogen
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KDR protein, human
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Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2
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TERT protein, human
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Telomerase
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Kinesins