[Lynch syndrome and risk of prostate cancer; review of the literature]

Abstract

Introduction: The association between Lynch syndrome and prostate cancer has been studied. Recent studies report an association between these two diseases.

Material and methods: Literature review based on PubMed search was performed using the following keywords: Lynch syndrome and prostate cancer.

Results: Eight articles analyzing cohorts of subjects carrying Lynch syndrome were analysed including 6786 patients with 175 cancers. Prostate cancers were more frequent with a standardized incidence ratio (SIR) from 0.93 (95% CI: 0.19-2.7) and 5.9 (95% CI 4.1-17.1) and occurs at a younger age than in the general population mainly for mutations in the MSH2 gene.

Conclusion: Prostate cancer seem more frequent and occur earlier in individuals harboring a mutation in the MSH2 gene while it does not appear to be any difference compared to the general population for other mutations in Lynch syndrome.

Keywords: Cancer de prostate; Déficience du système mismatch repair; Instabilité des microsatellites; Lynch syndrome; Microsatellite instability; Mismatch repair deficiency; Prostate cancer; Syndrome de Lynch.