Telavancin was the first marketed lipoglycopeptide. Although licensed in Europe in 2011 for the treatment of nosocomial pneumonia caused by meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), it did not become clinically available until March 2014. Given the limited clinical experience with telavancin in Europe, this review provides an overview of its antimicrobial and clinical activity as well as its position among today's antimicrobials, with particular focus on the implications of its licensing requirements. Telavancin has potent in vitro activity against isolates of Gram-positive pathogens, including MRSA and glycopeptide-intermediate S. aureus strains. In addition, at clinically attainable doses telavancin inhibits Gram-positive isolates of antibiotic-resistant strains from biofilm models. The in vitro potency of telavancin has been corroborated in the clinical setting. Comparative clinical studies of telavancin demonstrate non-inferiority compared with vancomycin in the treatment of hospital-acquired Gram-positive pneumonia, with high cure rates for telavancin-treated patients with monomicrobial S. aureus infection, including isolates with reduced vancomycin susceptibility. These studies also demonstrate an overall similar safety profile for telavancin and vancomycin, although importantly, patients with moderate-to-severe renal impairment at baseline are at greater risk for mortality with telavancin and this feature must be taken into account when selecting patients for its usage. In Europe, telavancin is a useful alternative for patients with difficult-to-treat, hospital-acquired MRSA pneumonia when there are very few alternatives. For example, it should be considered in such patients when vancomycin and linezolid are not suitable and where renal function permits.
Keywords: Gram-positive infections; Hospital-acquired pneumonia; MRSA; Nosocomial pneumonia; Telavancin.
Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. and the International Society of Chemotherapy. All rights reserved.