Purpose: Redo-surgery with new colorectal (CRA) or coloanal (CAA) anastomosis for failed previous CRA or CAA is exposed to failure and recurrent leakage, especially in case of rectovaginal fistula (RVF) or chronic pelvic sepsis (CPS). In these two situations, transanal colonic pull-through and delayed coloanal anastomosis (DCAA) could be an alternative to avoid definitive stoma. This study aimed to assess results of such redo-surgery with DCAA for failed CRA or CAA with CPS and/or RVF.
Methods: All patients who underwent DCAA for failed CRA or CAA with CPS and/or RVF were reviewed. Success was defined as a patient without any stoma at the end of follow-up. Long-term functional results were assessed using the low anterior resection syndrome (LARS) score.
Results: 24 DCAA were performed after failed CRA or CAA with CPS (n = 15) or RVF (n = 9). Sixteen (67%) patients had a diverting stoma at the time (n = 5) or performed during DCAA (n = 11). After a mean follow-up of 29 ± 19 months, success rate was 79% (19/24): 5 patients had a permanent stoma because of recurrent sepsis (n = 2), anastomotic stricture (n = 1), or poor functional outcomes (n = 2). Functional outcomes were satisfactory (no or minor LARS) in 82% of the successful patients.
Conclusion: In case of failed CRA or CAA with CPS or RVF, DCAA was associated with a 79% success rate. It could therefore be proposed as an alternative to standard redo-CRA or CAA when the risk of recurrent sepsis and failure with subsequent definitive stoma is thought to be high.