Aging resistance of surface-treated dental zirconia

Masanao Inokoshi; Kim Vanmeensel; Fei Zhang; Jan De Munck; George Eliades; Shunsuke Minakuchi; Ignace Naert; Bart Van Meerbeek; Jozef Vleugels

doi:10.1016/j.dental.2014.11.018

Aging resistance of surface-treated dental zirconia

Dent Mater. 2015 Feb;31(2):182-94. doi: 10.1016/j.dental.2014.11.018. Epub 2015 Jan 5.

Authors

Masanao Inokoshi¹, Kim Vanmeensel², Fei Zhang², Jan De Munck¹, George Eliades³, Shunsuke Minakuchi⁴, Ignace Naert¹, Bart Van Meerbeek⁵, Jozef Vleugels²

Affiliations

¹ KU Leuven BIOMAT, Department of Oral Health Sciences, KU Leuven (University of Leuven) & Dentistry, University Hospitals Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 7, blok a bus 7001, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.
² Department of Materials Engineering, KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Kasteelpark Arenberg 44, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium.
³ Department of Biomaterials, University of Athens, 2 Thivon Str., Goudi, 115 27 Athens, Greece.
⁴ Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan.
⁵ KU Leuven BIOMAT, Department of Oral Health Sciences, KU Leuven (University of Leuven) & Dentistry, University Hospitals Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 7, blok a bus 7001, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium. Electronic address: bart.vanmeerbeek@med.kuleuven.be.

PMID: 25572860
DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2014.11.018

Abstract

The influence of surface treatment on the low-temperature degradation (LTD) of tetragonal zirconia polycrystalline (TZP) is still unclear.

Objectives: The effect of surface treatments on the LTD behavior of zirconia was investigated.

Methods: Fully-sintered specimens of seven commercial dental zirconia (Aadva, GC; In-CeramYZ, VITA; IPS e.max ZirCAD, Ivoclar Vivadent; LAVA Frame and LAVA Plus, 3M ESPE; NANOZR, Panasonic; ZirTough, Kuraray Noritake) were provided by the manufacturers with specimen dimensions of approximately 10mm×5mm×3mm. For each zirconia grade, samples were kept 'as sintered' (untreated) or were subjected to one of the three surface treatments: rough polished, sandblasted with Al2O3, tribochemical silica sandblasted (n=3/group). The tetragonal to monoclinic transformation was evaluated by X-ray diffraction at several intervals during LTD testing up to 40h in steam in an autoclave (134°C, 2bar).

Results: The five yttria-stabilized TZP (Y-TZP: Aadva, In-CeramYZ, IPS e.max ZirCAD, LAVA Frame, LAVA Plus) zirconia showed a similar trend in LTD behavior. The Al2O3 sandblasted zirconia showed the highest monoclinic volume fraction. The as sintered (untreated) zirconia degraded faster than the surface-treated zirconia. Although the surface-treated ceria-stabilized TZP/alumina (Ce-TZP/Al2O3: NANOZR) zirconia had a higher initial monoclinic volume fraction compared to the Y-TZP zirconia, it showed a stronger aging resistance. The as sintered (untreated) Y-TZP/alumina (Y-TZP/Al2O3: ZirTough) zirconia showed a strong aging resistance, whereas the surface-treated Y-TZP/Al2O3 zirconia degraded slightly.

Significance: Surface treatment improved the aging resistance of Y-TZP zirconia. Surface treatment did not affect the LTD behavior of Ce-TZP/Al2O3 zirconia, while surface treatment decreased the aging resistance of Y-TZP/Al2O3 zirconia.

Keywords: Aging; Alumina sandblasting; Low-temperature degradation; Rough polishing; Tribochemical silica sandblasting; Zirconia.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Acrylic Resins / chemistry
Aluminum Oxide / chemistry
Composite Resins / chemistry
Dental Etching / methods
Dental Porcelain / chemistry*
Materials Testing
Polyurethanes / chemistry
Silicon Dioxide / chemistry
Surface Properties
X-Ray Diffraction
Yttrium / chemistry
Zirconium / chemistry*

Substances

Acrylic Resins
Composite Resins
IPS e.max CAD LT
In-Ceram Zirconia
Polyurethanes
Vita Hi Ceram
Vivadent
Dental Porcelain
Yttrium
Silicon Dioxide
Zirconium
Aluminum Oxide
zirconium oxide
yttria