Improved prosthetic design and application of strict criteria in selection of patients have resulted in wide use of unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) in surgical treatment of damaged joints. Here, we review the contemporary indications, outcomes, and complications of procedures such as lateral and medial UKA and total knee arthroplasty (TKA), and compare the severity of these complications in UKA and TKA. Patients who received unicompartmental femorotibial osteoarthritis and patients who underwent UKA and ACL reconstruction for deficiency in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), they all showed good clinical outcomes and survival. Reliable and successful options in the treatment of patients with isolated tibiofemoral osteoarthritis include lateral and medial UKA.