The dengue virus conceals double-stranded RNA in the intracellular membrane to escape from an interferon response

Sci Rep. 2014 Dec 10:4:7395. doi: 10.1038/srep07395.

Abstract

The dengue virus (DENV) circulates between humans and mosquitoes and requires no other mammals or birds for its maintenance in nature. The virus is well-adapted to humans, as reflected by high-level viraemia in patients. To investigate its high adaptability, the DENV induction of host type-I interferon (IFN) was assessed in vitro in human-derived HeLa cells and compared with that induced by the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), a closely related arbovirus that generally exhibits low viraemia in humans. A sustained viral spread with a poor IFN induction was observed in the DENV-infected cells, whereas the JEV infection resulted in a self-limiting and abortive infection with a high IFN induction. There was no difference between DENV and JEV double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) as IFN inducers. Instead, the dsRNA was poorly exposed in the cytosol as late as 48 h post-infection (p.i.), despite the high level of DENV replication in the infected cells. In contrast, the JEV-derived dsRNA appeared in the cytosol as early as 24 h p.i. Our results provided evidence for the first time in DENV, that concealing dsRNA in the intracellular membrane diminishes the effect of the host defence mechanism, a strategy that differs from an active suppression of IFN activity.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Dengue Virus / immunology*
  • Dengue Virus / metabolism
  • Encephalitis Virus, Japanese / immunology
  • Encephalitis Virus, Japanese / metabolism
  • HeLa Cells
  • Humans
  • Immune Evasion*
  • Interferon Type I / immunology*
  • Interferon Type I / metabolism
  • Intracellular Membranes / immunology*
  • Intracellular Membranes / metabolism
  • Intracellular Membranes / virology
  • RNA, Double-Stranded / immunology*
  • RNA, Double-Stranded / metabolism
  • RNA, Viral / immunology*
  • RNA, Viral / metabolism

Substances

  • Interferon Type I
  • RNA, Double-Stranded
  • RNA, Viral