[Profile of children and adolescents admitted to a Burn Care Unit in the countryside of the state of São Paulo]

Abstract

Objective:: To describe the profile of pediatric burn victims hospitalized at Hospital-Escola Padre Albino (HEPA), in Catanduva, São Paulo, Brazil.

Methods:: This was a cross-sectional, retrospective study analyzing 446 medical records of patient aged 0-18 years old hospitalized in the Burn Care Unit of HEPA, from 2002 to 2012. The following variables were recorded: demographic data, skin burn causes, lesions characteristics, complications, surgical procedures, length of hospital stay, and outcome. Descriptive statistics were used.

Results:: 382 patients with full medical records were included in the study. Burns were more frequent in males (64.4%) and in children aged less than 6 years (52.9%). Most accidents occurred at home (67.3%) and hot liquids were responsible for 47.1% of them. Mean burnt body surface was 18% and the most affected body areas were chest and limbs. First- and second-degree burns were observed in 64.4% of the cases. Secondary infection and surgical procedures occurred in 6.5% and 45.0% of the patients, respectively. Mean length of hospital stay was 9.8 days. The mortality rate was 1.6%.

Conclusions:: Preschool children were the main victims of burns occurring at home, representing the largest contingent of hospitalizations due to this cause in individuals aged < 18 years. It is important to develop strategies to alert parents and general society through educational programs and preventive campaigns.

Keywords: Adolescent; Adolescente; Burns/epidemiology; Causas externas; Child; Criança; External causes; Queimaduras/epidemiologia.