The CYP11B subfamily

Lina Schiffer; Simone Anderko; Frank Hannemann; Antje Eiden-Plach; Rita Bernhardt

doi:10.1016/j.jsbmb.2014.10.011

The CYP11B subfamily

J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2015 Jul:151:38-51. doi: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2014.10.011. Epub 2014 Oct 18.

Authors

Lina Schiffer¹, Simone Anderko¹, Frank Hannemann¹, Antje Eiden-Plach¹, Rita Bernhardt²

Affiliations

¹ Institute of Biochemistry, Saarland University, Campus B2.2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.
² Institute of Biochemistry, Saarland University, Campus B2.2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany. Electronic address: ritabern@mx.uni-saarland.de.

PMID: 25465475
DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2014.10.011

Abstract

The biosynthesis of steroid hormones is dependent on P450-catalyzed reactions. In mammals, cholesterol is the common precursor of all steroid hormones, and its conversion to pregnenolone is the initial and rate-limiting step in hormone biosynthesis in steroidogenic tissues such as gonads and adrenal glands. The production of glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids takes place in the adrenal gland and the final steps are catalyzed by 2 mitochondrial cytochromes P450, CYP11B1 (11β-hydroxylase or P45011β) and CYP11B2 (aldosterone synthase or P450aldo). The occurrence and development of these 2 enzymes in different species, their contribution to the biosynthesis of steroid hormones as well as their regulation at different levels (gene expression, cellular regulation, regulation on the level of proteins) is the topic of this chapter.

Keywords: Aldosterone; CYP11B1; CYP11B2; Cortisol; Cytochrome P450; Regulation; Species diversity; Steroid hormone.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review

MeSH terms

Animals
Humans
Isoenzymes / chemistry
Isoenzymes / genetics
Isoenzymes / metabolism
Species Specificity
Steroid 11-beta-Hydroxylase* / chemistry
Steroid 11-beta-Hydroxylase* / genetics
Steroid 11-beta-Hydroxylase* / metabolism

Substances

Isoenzymes
Steroid 11-beta-Hydroxylase