Schistosomiasis hematobia is one major human schistosomiasis. The disease is endemic in Africa and Mediterra- nean region, and is the main cause of urogenital diseases. Although only Schistosoma japonicum is spreading across the Mainland China, now more schistosomiasis hematobia cases are reported among aid projects and migrant workers to Africa, with the economy development and the increasing degree of foreign exchanges. Meanwhile, the relevant clinical data of.schistosomiasis hematobia are rare in China. This article reviews the clinical manifestations and progress in diagnosis and treatment of the disease.