Objectives: To assess the safety and efficacy of carbon dioxide (CO2) angiography-guided endovascular therapy (EVT) for renal, iliofemoral artery disease.
Background: Patients with peripheral vascular disease (PVD) often have chronic kidney disease (CKD) and the use of iodinated contrast media may enhance the risk of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN). Contrast volume reduction is an effective CIN preventive strategy.
Methods: A prospective multicenter registry was developed and six clinical centers participated in the study. Patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of <60 ml/min/1.73 m2 and stage-3 CKD were recruited between February 2012 and March 2013. CO2 angiography-guided EVT was performed; incomplete CO2 angiograms were supplemented by intravascular ultrasound, pressure wire, and/or minimal iodinated contrast media. The primary endpoint was a composite of freedom from renal events and freedom from major CO2 angiography related complications.
Results: This study included 98 patients with 109 lesions. The mean eGFR baseline was 35.2±12.7 ml min(-1). CO2 angiography-guided angioplasty were performed in 16 renal arteries, 31 aortoiliac arteries, and 62 superficial femoral arteries. The technical success rate was 97.9%. Average CO2 consumption was 281.4±155.8 ml, average dose of iodinated contrast media was 15.0±18.1 ml. Primary endpoint was 92.8% (91/98). Incidence of CIN was 5.1% (5/98) and CO2 angiography-related complications occurred in 17.3% (17/98). Two cases (2%) developed severe, fatal, nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia (NOMI).
Conclusions: This trial showed that CO2 angiography-guided angioplasty was effective for preventing CIN, however, CO2 angiography related complication was somewhat high.
Keywords: carbon dioxide angiography; chronic kidney disease; endovascular therapy.
© 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.