The purpose of this paper is to point out the value of CBCT exam in pre and postoperative diagnosis assessment of inflammatory radicular cysts together with full appreciation of local integration of alloplastic graft materials used to repair the osseous defects. There were statistically retrospective evaluated the pre and postoperative results of CBCT and x-ray examinations of 34 patients with inflammatory radicular cysts clinically, biologically and histopathologically assessed at Oral and Maxilo-Facial Surgery Clinic from Timisoara. In all cases we proceeded to surgical radicular cysts removement, extraction of the associated non-vital tooth together with alloplastic graft materials repairement of the osseous defects. The CBCT preoperative scans clearly showed the extent, the morphological characteristics and the topoanatomic reports, in all 34 cases of inflammatory radicular cysts together with regional endodontic status. The CBCT postoperative scans revealed the very local integration of alloplastic graft materials used to repair the osseous defects and, in some cases, the dental rehabilitation by metallic implants. CBCT scan is the imaging method of choice in pre and postoperative diagnosis assessment of inflammatory radicular cysts together with alloplastic graft materials repairement of the osseous defects and dental rehabilitation by metallic implants, due to high specific abilities in bone tissue 3D evaluation.