Lead poisoning in children from townships in the vicinity of a lead-zinc mine in Kabwe, Zambia

Chemosphere. 2015 Jan:119:941-947. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.09.028. Epub 2014 Oct 8.

Abstract

Childhood lead poisoning is a serious public health concern worldwide. Blood lead levels exceeding 5 μg dL(-1) are considered elevated. In Kabwe, the capital of Zambia's Central Province, extensive Pb contamination of township soils in the vicinity of a Pb-Zn mine and posing serious health risk to children has been reported. We investigated BLLs in children under the age of 7 years in townships around the mine; where blood samples were collected and analyzed using an ICP-MS. All of the sampled children had BLLs exceeding 5 μg dL(-1). Children in these areas could be at serious risk of Pb toxicity as 18% of the sampled children in Chowa, 57% (Kasanda) and 25% (Makululu) had BLLs exceeding 65 μg dL(-1). Eight children had BLLs exceeding 150 μg dL(-1) with the maximum being 427.8 μg dL(-1). We recommend that medical intervention be commenced in the children with BLL exceeding 45 μg dL(-1).

Keywords: Children; Kabwe; Lead poisoning; Pb–Zn mine; Zambia.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Child
  • Environmental Pollutants / blood*
  • Humans
  • Lead / blood*
  • Lead Poisoning / blood*
  • Lead Poisoning / epidemiology*
  • Mining
  • Zambia / epidemiology
  • Zinc

Substances

  • Environmental Pollutants
  • Lead
  • Zinc