Preoperative hypofractionated radiotherapy in the treatment of localized soft tissue sarcomas

Eur J Surg Oncol. 2014 Dec;40(12):1641-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ejso.2014.05.016. Epub 2014 Sep 20.

Abstract

Background: The primary treatment of soft tissue sarcomas (STS) is a radical resection of the tumor with adjuvant radiotherapy. Conventional fractionation of preoperative radiotherapy is 50 Gy in fraction of 2 Gy a day. The purpose of the conducted study was to assess the efficacy and safety of hypofractionated radiotherapy in preoperative setting in STS patients.

Methods: 272 patients participated in this prospective study conducted from 2006 till 2011. Tumors were localized on the extremities or trunk wall. Median tumor size was 8.5 cm, 42% of the patients had tumor larger than 10 cm, whereas 170 patients (64.6%) had high grade (G3) tumors. 167 patients (61.4%) had primary tumors. Patients were treated with preoperative radiotherapy for five consecutive days in 5 Gy per fraction, with an immediate surgery. Median follow up is 35 months.

Results: 79 patients died at the time of the analysis, the 3-year overall survival was 72%. Local recurrences were observed in 19.1 % of the patients. Factors that had a significant adverse impact on local recurrence were tumor size of 10 cm or more and G3 grade. 114 patients (42%) had any kind of treatment toxicity, vast majority with tumors located on lower limbs. 7% (21) of the patients required surgery for treatment of the complications.

Conclusion: In this non-selected group of locally advanced STS use of hypofractionated preoperative radiotherapy was associated with similar local control (81%) when compared to previously published studies. The early toxicity is tolerable, with small rate of late complications. Presented results warrant further evaluation.

Keywords: Complications; Outcome; Preoperative; Radiotherapy; Sarcoma; Soft tissue.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Disease-Free Survival
  • Dose Fractionation, Radiation
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Kaplan-Meier Estimate
  • Limb Salvage
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoadjuvant Therapy / methods*
  • Neoplasm Grading
  • Poland
  • Prospective Studies
  • Radiotherapy, Adjuvant
  • Sarcoma / mortality
  • Sarcoma / pathology
  • Sarcoma / radiotherapy*
  • Sarcoma / surgery*
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Young Adult