Background: Most patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) present with advanced disease and have poor long-term prognosis. Advanced NSCLC that contains characteristic mutations in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) are highly sensitive to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). EGFR exon 19 insertions mutations are rare, and response to TKIs is still unclear.
Case description: A young Arab patient was diagnosed with metastatic disease of NSCLC harboring an exon 19 insertion of 18 nucleotides. The patient showed a very impressive clinical and radiological response within few weeks treatment with TKI agent.
Discussion and evaluation: To our best knowledge, This case is the first case in Arab woman and one of few cases described in the literature with this rare mutation responding to TKIs.
Conclusions: Treatment with TKIs should be the standard choice in patients with metastatic disease NSCLC.
Keywords: Epidermal growth factor receptor; Erlotinib; Exon 19 insertion; Non-small cell lung cancer.