Background: Primary mediastinal goiters (PMG) are very uncommon; few cases were reported in the literature.
Patient description: We report here two cases of mediastinal goiters that met all criteria of PMG. Transternal approach was necessary for complete removal and pathological diagnoses confirmed their adenomatous goiter nature. The rarity of their occurrence, their clinical characteristics and surgical management were discussed.
Conclusion: PMG is part of the differential diagnoses of mediastinal masses. Safe excision is ensured through transthoracic approach.
Keywords: Ectopic goiter; Mediastinum; Surgery; Transthoracic approach.