Merkel cell carcinoma: differences between sun-exposed and non-sun-exposed variants--a clinical analysis of 36 cases

Dermatology. 2014;229(3):205-9. doi: 10.1159/000363104. Epub 2014 Sep 25.

Abstract

Background: There are few studies focusing on the clinical characteristics of Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC).

Objective: To retrospectively analyze the clinical features of our patients and their relationship with sun exposure.

Methods: Thirty-six patients diagnosed with MCC (20 men and 16 women, mean age 72.08 years) were included in the study.

Results: 21 patients developed MCC in sun-exposed skin and 15 patients in non-sun-exposed areas. MCC was >2 cm in 19 cases. Six of the 7 patients who died as a result of MCC had non-sun-exposed tumors. Only tumor size >2 cm significantly influenced survival (p = 0.033).

Conclusion: Sun-exposed lesions tended to be <2 cm in diameter and were more common in men, while non-sun-exposed tumors were larger, usually occurring in women and carrying a greater likelihood of death by MCC. Non-sun-exposed tumors usually present as fast-growing, multilobar nodular lesions with a smooth shiny surface.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Evaluation Study

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Biopsy, Needle
  • Carcinoma, Merkel Cell / mortality*
  • Carcinoma, Merkel Cell / pathology*
  • Carcinoma, Merkel Cell / surgery
  • Cohort Studies
  • Disease-Free Survival
  • Female
  • Hospitals, University
  • Humans
  • Immunohistochemistry
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoplasm Invasiveness / pathology
  • Neoplasm Staging
  • Prognosis
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Assessment
  • Skin Neoplasms / mortality*
  • Skin Neoplasms / pathology*
  • Skin Neoplasms / surgery
  • Spain
  • Sunlight / adverse effects*
  • Survival Analysis
  • Treatment Outcome