Oral complications and dental care in children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia

J Oral Pathol Med. 2015 Aug;44(7):483-9. doi: 10.1111/jop.12266. Epub 2014 Sep 22.

Abstract

Acute leukaemia is the most common type of childhood cancer, the acute lymphoblastic type accounting for the majority of cases. Children affected by leukaemia receive various forms of treatments including chemotherapeutic agents and stem cell transplants. Leukaemia and its treatment can directly or indirectly affect oral health and further dental treatments. The oral complications include mucositis, opportunistic infections, gingival inflammation and bleeding, xerostomia and carious lesions. An additional consideration in children is the impact of the treatments on the developing dentition and on orofacial growth. The aim of this review is to describe the oral complications in children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia and the methods of prevention and management before, during and after the cancer treatment.

Keywords: acute lymphoblastic leukaemia; dental care.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Antineoplastic Agents / adverse effects
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Dental Care for Children / methods*
  • Humans
  • Mouth Diseases / prevention & control
  • Mouth Diseases / therapy*
  • Oral Health
  • Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / complications*
  • Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / therapy*
  • Stem Cell Transplantation / adverse effects

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents