6-Dehydrogingerdione restrains lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory responses in RAW 264.7 macrophages

J Agric Food Chem. 2014 Sep 17;62(37):9171-9. doi: 10.1021/jf501665v. Epub 2014 Sep 9.

Abstract

6-Dehydrogingerdione (6-DG), one important component of ginger, has been reported to possess some medical effects, such as antitumor and antiatherosclerosis. Herein, the anti-inflammatory effects of 6-DG against lipopolysaccharides (LPS) induced pro-inflammation mediators in RAW 264.7 cells were investigated. Results show that 6-DG significantly attenuated inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS, NOS2), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the LPS-mediated murine macrophages (RAW 264.7 cells). 6-DG inhibited LPS-induced phosphorylation of both p38 and nuclear factor of κ light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells inhibitor-α (IκBα), which further prevented p-p65 nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB-p65) translocation to the nucleus. Moreover, 6-DG increased the ratio of phosphorylated signal transducers and activators of transcription 1 (p-STAT1)/p-STAT3 and down-regulated the gene expression of IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-10.

Keywords: 6-dehydrogingerdione; inflammation; lipopolysaccharides; signal transducers and activators of transcription 1 and 3 (STAT-1 and -3).

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents / pharmacology*
  • Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors / pharmacology
  • Fatty Alcohols / pharmacology*
  • Guaiacol / analogs & derivatives*
  • Guaiacol / pharmacology
  • Inflammation Mediators / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Interleukin-1beta / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Interleukin-6 / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Lipopolysaccharides / pharmacology*
  • Macrophages / chemistry
  • Macrophages / drug effects*
  • Mice
  • Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Phosphorylation / drug effects
  • Signal Transduction / drug effects
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / antagonists & inhibitors
  • p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / metabolism

Substances

  • 6-dehydrogingerdione
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents
  • Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors
  • Fatty Alcohols
  • Inflammation Mediators
  • Interleukin-1beta
  • Interleukin-6
  • Lipopolysaccharides
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
  • Guaiacol
  • Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II
  • p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases