Purpose: This clinical and histological study evaluated the healing of extraction sockets after implantation of a biphasic calcium sulfate (CS) alone or in combination with a gamma-radiated human mineralized allograft.
Materials and methods: Ten healthy adult patients participated in the study. A minimum of 2 teeth, per patient, extracted for different reasons were evaluated. Each socket was randomly filled to the crest with either (a) a biphasic CS or (b) large particulate gamma-radiated human mineralized allograft in combination with a biphasic CS.
Results: No complications during reentry of the socket site during bone core retrieval, such as inflammation/immunogenic response, were observed. Histological findings showed a mean new bone (NB) of 33% for sockets filled with biphasic CS and 31% for sockets filled with biphasic CS in combination with allograft material. There was no statistically significant difference in the percentage of NB and the presence of soft tissue between graft materials.
Conclusion: Biphasic CS used alone or in combination with an allograft resulted in the same amount of NB formation in alveolar ridge preservation procedures.