ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids-derived lipid metabolites on angiogenesis, inflammation and cancer

Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat. 2014 Oct:113-115:13-20. doi: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2014.07.002. Epub 2014 Jul 11.

Abstract

Epidemiological and pre-clinical studies support the anti-tumor effects of ω-3 PUFAs; however, the results from human trials are mixed, making it difficult to provide dietary guidelines or recommendations of ω-3 PUFAs for disease prevention or treatment. Understanding the molecular mechanisms by which ω-3 PUFAs inhibit cancer could lead to better nutritional paradigms and human trials to clarify their health effects. The ω-3 PUFAs exert their biological activities mainly through the formation of bioactive lipid metabolites. Here we discuss the biology of cyclooxygenase, lipoxygenase and cytochrome P450 enzymes-derived ω-3-series lipid metabolites on angiogenesis, inflammation and cancer.

Keywords: Cyclooxygenase; Cytochrome P450; Lipoxygenase; ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Cytochromes / metabolism
  • Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / metabolism*
  • Fatty Acids, Omega-6 / metabolism*
  • Humans
  • Inflammation / enzymology
  • Inflammation / metabolism*
  • Lipid Metabolism
  • Lipoxygenases / metabolism
  • Neoplasms / blood supply
  • Neoplasms / enzymology
  • Neoplasms / metabolism*
  • Neovascularization, Pathologic / enzymology
  • Neovascularization, Pathologic / metabolism
  • Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases / metabolism

Substances

  • Cytochromes
  • Fatty Acids, Omega-3
  • Fatty Acids, Omega-6
  • Lipoxygenases
  • Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases