Recent progress on the structure and function of the TrkH/KtrB ion channel

Abstract

Members of the Superfamily of K(+) Transporters (SKT) are integral membrane proteins that mediate the uptake of ions into non-animal cells. Although these proteins are homologous to the well-characterized K(+) channel family, relatively little was known about their transport and gating mechanisms until the recent determination of crystal structures for two SKT proteins, TrkH and KtrB. These structures reveal that the SKT proteins are channels, containing a flexible loop in the middle of the permeation pathway that may act as a gate. Two different conformational changes have been observed for the associated gating rings, suggesting different mechanisms of regulation by the binding of nucleotides.