A 65-year-old man infected with human immunodeficiency virus underwent emergency surgery for rupture of a mycotic descending thoracic aneurysm. The aneurysm was replaced with a prosthetic graft wrapped with omentum. Esophageal perforation occurred 3 weeks after surgery. The patient's condition remained stable, and we adopted a conservative treatment. The esophageal fistula had not healed completely and a biopsy of the scar revealed gastric cancer. We performed a distal gastrectomy, Roux-Y reconstruction, and enterostomy for enteral feeding. Follow-up endoscopy revealed healing of the fistula, and the patient was eventually discharged. We managed this potentially fatal complication with minimally invasive treatment.
Keywords: aneurysm rupture; esophageal perforation; human immunodeficiency virus.