A report of two cases of cerebral atrophy and dementia possibly arising as a result of poor control of type 2 Diabetes Mellitus are presented The two elderly patients presented to the old age Psychiatric clinic with history of impairment in memory and changes in personality. They had a history of long standing poorly controlled diabetes mellitus. They were assessed using psychometric instruments, laboratory investigation and neuro-imaging. A diagnosis of dementia was made in each of two the patients. The aim of this case report is to draw the attention of the medical community and policy makers to the relationship between type 2 diabetes mellitus and dementia with a view to evolving policy change on the care for the elderly in Nigeria.