[Botulinum toxin in the management of spasticity in children]

Abstract

Introduction: Spasticity is a motor disorder, which can be treated by botulinum toxin (BT). We found no studies describing BT management of spasticity in Tunisian children. The aim of our study was to determine the frequency of spastic children treated with BT in the Tunisian hospital population and to evaluate treatment efficacy.

Methods: We conducted a prospective study over a 5-year period including all children diagnosed with spasticity treated with BT and attending the "Movement Disorders and Botulinum Toxin" outpatient clinic of the National Institute of Neurology of Tunis.

Results: Hundred and fifteen patients were included (31% of patients attending the "Movement Disorders and Botulinum Toxin" outpatient clinic). Mean age was 7.6years and M:F sex ratio 1.7. Main clinical features were: spastic quadriplegia (48%), equinus deformity (70.4%) and cerebral palsy (88%). All patients were evaluated with the modified Ashworth score and were treated with BT. Other treatments were associated with BT: baclofene, physiotherapy, ortheses, plaster, and sometimes surgical treatment. The average percentage of improvement after BT was>50%. The Ashworth score was significantly lower for the majority of injected muscles.

Discussion and conclusion: Our study is the first to describe BT management of spasticity in Tunisian children. Treatments of spasticity are numerous and vary according to location and extent of spasticity. BT is the main treatment for focal spasticity. Associated with physical therapy, BT allows optimal management of spastic children.

Keywords: Botulinum toxin; Children; Enfant; Spasticity; Spasticité; Toxine botulique.