Warm water bath stimulates phase-shifts of the peripheral circadian clocks in PER2::LUCIFERASE mouse

PLoS One. 2014 Jun 16;9(6):e100272. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0100272. eCollection 2014.

Abstract

Circadian clocks in the peripheral tissues of mice are known to be entrained by pulse stimuli such as restricted feeding, novel wheel running, and several other agents. However, there are no reports on high temperature pulse-mediated entrainment on the phase-shift of peripheral clocks in vivo. Here we show that temperature treatment of mice for two days at 41°C, instead of 37°C, for 1-2 h during the inactive period, using a temperature controlled water bath stimulated phase-advance of peripheral clocks in the kidney, liver, and submandibular gland of PER2::LUCIFERASE mice. On the other hand, treatment for 2 days at 35°C ambient room temperature for 2 h did not cause a phase-advance. Maintenance of mice at 41°C in a water bath, sustained the core body temperature at 40-41°C. However, the use of 37°C water bath or the 35°C ambient room temperature elevated the core body temperature to 38.5°C, suggesting that at least a core body temperature of 40-41°C is necessary to cause phase-advance under light-dark cycle conditions. The temperature pulse stimulation at 41°C, instead of 37°C water bath for 2 h led to the elevated expression of Per1 and Hsp70 in the peripheral tissue of mice. In summary, the present study demonstrates that transient high temperature pulse using water bath during daytime causes phase-advance in mouse peripheral clocks in vivo. The present results suggest that hot water bath may affect the phase of peripheral clocks.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Baths*
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Circadian Clocks*
  • Female
  • Glucocorticoids / pharmacology
  • Hot Temperature
  • Luciferases / genetics
  • Luciferases / metabolism*
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Motor Activity / drug effects
  • Motor Activity / physiology*
  • Period Circadian Proteins / physiology*
  • RNA, Messenger / genetics
  • Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
  • Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

Substances

  • Glucocorticoids
  • Per2 protein, mouse
  • Period Circadian Proteins
  • RNA, Messenger
  • Luciferases

Grants and funding

This study was supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B) (23300278) from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan (S.S.). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.