Multiple relapses of visceral leishmaniasis in a patient with HIV in India: a treatment challenge

Int J Infect Dis. 2014 Aug:25:204-6. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2014.02.015. Epub 2014 Jun 10.

Abstract

Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) is an opportunistic infection amongst HIV-infected people in several endemic countries, and the clinical management of this co-infection poses several challenges. Here we describe a co-infected patient in India who failed to respond to miltefosine monotherapy and subsequently relapsed following two further (different) regimens of liposomal amphotericin B. He was then successfully treated with a combination of 30 mg/kg liposomal amphotericin B and 14 days of 100mg/day oral miltefosine.

Keywords: HIV infection; Relapse; Treatment; Visceral leishmaniasis.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Amphotericin B / therapeutic use
  • Antiprotozoal Agents / therapeutic use
  • Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active
  • Coinfection*
  • HIV Infections* / drug therapy
  • Humans
  • India
  • Leishmaniasis, Visceral / diagnosis
  • Leishmaniasis, Visceral / drug therapy*
  • Male
  • Phosphorylcholine / analogs & derivatives
  • Phosphorylcholine / therapeutic use
  • Recurrence
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Antiprotozoal Agents
  • liposomal amphotericin B
  • Phosphorylcholine
  • miltefosine
  • Amphotericin B