Conclusions: From the results, recombinant human bone morphogenic protein 2 (rhBMP-2) activated demineralized bone matrix (DBM) for the enhancement of bone regeneration. These results might provide a basis for the clinical application of BMP-2 in mastoid obliteration.
Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the enhanced osteogenesis of rhBMP-2-loaded DBM using a gelatin sponge in the mastoid obliteration model.
Methods: The bulla obliteration was done using rhBMP-2 (0.075 mg/ml)/DBM in experimental group I (n = 7) and rhBMP-2 (0.375 mg/ml)/DBM in experimental group II (n = 7). In the control group (n = 7), the bullae were obliterated using PBS/DBM. To assess the active mineralization of new bone formation, each group received intravenous calcein blue at 4 weeks, oxytetracycline hydrochloride at 8 weeks, and alizarin red at 10 weeks. The animals in each group were sacrificed 12 weeks post-surgery. Osteogenesis was evaluated by in vivo CT and histological observation.
Results: The largest amount of bone had formed in experimental group II compared with other groups according to CT and histopathological findings. Histomorphometric analysis showed that there were significant differences between each group. Confocal microscopic findings revealed that three distinct colors that corresponded to sequential osteogenesis were observed in group II. However, poor sequential osteogenesis was observed in the control group.
Keywords: Bone morphogenic protein; bone regeneration; osteogenesis.