Dietary intake of advanced glycation end products did not affect endothelial function and inflammation in healthy adults in a randomized controlled trial

J Nutr. 2014 Jul;144(7):1037-42. doi: 10.3945/jn.113.189480. Epub 2014 Apr 17.

Abstract

When food is heated to high temperatures, the characteristic "browning" generates advanced glycation end products (AGEs). AGEs are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and other adverse outcomes. Whether dietary AGEs are absorbed and are harmful to human health remains highly controversial. The objective of this study was to compare the effects of a diet high or low in AGEs on endothelial function, circulating AGEs, inflammatory mediators, and circulating receptors for AGEs in healthy adults. A randomized, parallel-arm, controlled dietary intervention was conducted for 6 wk with 24 healthy adults, aged 50-69 y, that compared isocaloric, food-equivalent diets that were prepared at either high or mild temperatures. Peripheral arterial tonometry, serum and urine carboxymethyl-lysine (CML), inflammatory mediators (interleukin-6, C-reactive protein, vascular adhesion molecule-1, and tumor necrosis factor-α receptors I and II), soluble receptor for AGEs, and endogenous secretory receptor for AGEs were measured at baseline and after 6 wk of dietary intervention. In the low-AGE diet group, the following changed from baseline to 6 wk (mean ± SE): serum CML from 763 ± 24 to 679 ± 29 ng/mL (P = 0.03) and urine CML from 1.37 ± 1.47 to 0.77 ± 2.01 μg/mL creatinine (P = 0.02). There were no significant changes in serum and urinary CML concentrations from baseline to follow-up in the high-AGE diet group. A high- or low-AGE diet had no significant impact on peripheral arterial tonometry or any inflammatory mediators after 6 wk of dietary intervention. In healthy middle-aged to older adults, consumption of a diet high or low in AGEs for 6 wk had no impact on endothelial function and inflammatory mediators, 2 precursors of cardiovascular disease.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01402973.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial
  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Biomarkers / blood
  • Biomarkers / urine
  • Dietary Proteins / adverse effects*
  • Dietary Proteins / metabolism
  • Endothelium, Vascular / immunology
  • Endothelium, Vascular / physiopathology*
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Glycation End Products, Advanced / adverse effects*
  • Glycation End Products, Advanced / blood
  • Humans
  • Hyperemia / epidemiology
  • Hyperemia / etiology
  • Hyperemia / immunology
  • Hyperemia / physiopathology
  • Inflammation Mediators / blood
  • Lysine / analogs & derivatives
  • Lysine / blood
  • Lysine / urine
  • Maillard Reaction
  • Male
  • Maryland / epidemiology
  • Middle Aged
  • Peripheral Vascular Diseases / epidemiology
  • Peripheral Vascular Diseases / etiology*
  • Peripheral Vascular Diseases / immunology
  • Peripheral Vascular Diseases / physiopathology
  • Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products
  • Receptors, Immunologic / blood*
  • Receptors, Immunologic / chemistry
  • Risk
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Solubility
  • Vascular Resistance
  • Vasculitis / epidemiology
  • Vasculitis / etiology*
  • Vasculitis / immunology
  • Vasculitis / physiopathology

Substances

  • Biomarkers
  • Dietary Proteins
  • Glycation End Products, Advanced
  • Inflammation Mediators
  • Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products
  • Receptors, Immunologic
  • N(6)-carboxymethyllysine
  • Lysine

Associated data

  • ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT01402973