Paced QT interval is a better predictor of mortality than the intrinsic QT interval: long-term follow-up study

Heart Rhythm. 2014 Jul;11(7):1184-9. doi: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2014.04.006. Epub 2014 Apr 12.

Abstract

Background: Prolongation of the corrected QT (QTc) interval on 12-lead electrocardiogram is related to total mortality and sudden cardiac death. The value of the paced QTc interval in predicting mortality has not been investigated.

Objective: To evaluate the relationship between the paced QTc interval and mortality.

Methods: Of 1440 patients who underwent pacemaker implantation from January 1990 to March 2010, 766 had a recorded intrinsic and ventricular paced rhythm and were included in this study. The intrinsic and paced QTc intervals were measured on 12-lead electrocardiogram before and 1-month after implantation.

Results: During a mean follow-up period of 7 ± 5 years, 189 (24.4%) patients died, of which 63 (8.1%) were cardiac deaths. Compared with patients in the first tertile of the paced QTc interval (<484 ms), patients in the third tertile (>511 ms) were significantly more likely to die (19% vs 29%; P < .05). A comparison of the third and first tertiles of the QTc interval showed that a prolonged paced QTc interval was a significant independent predictor of all-cause mortality (adjusted hazard ratio 2.08; 95% confidence interval 1.44-3.01; P < .001) and cardiac mortality (adjusted hazard ratio 2.53; 95% confidence interval 1.29-4.95; P = .007) and a better predictor than was a prolonged intrinsic QTc interval. When treated as a continuous variable, a prolonged paced QTc interval predicted increased total mortality and cardiac mortality.

Conclusion: The paced QTc interval appears to be a more useful marker in predicting bad prognosis than does the intrinsic QTc interval in patients with indications for a permanent pacemaker.

Keywords: Intrinsic QTc interval; Mortality; Paced QTc interval; Permanent pacemaker; Prolonged QTc interval; Ventricular pacing.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Death, Sudden, Cardiac / epidemiology*
  • Electrocardiography / methods*
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Heart Conduction System / physiopathology
  • Humans
  • Incidence
  • Long QT Syndrome / mortality*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Pacemaker, Artificial / adverse effects*
  • Prognosis
  • Republic of Korea
  • Risk Factors
  • Survival Analysis